{"id":4746,"date":"2026-07-26T14:40:18","date_gmt":"2026-07-26T11:40:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/maram.iq\/blogs\/?p=4746"},"modified":"2026-07-26T15:26:19","modified_gmt":"2026-07-26T12:26:19","slug":"%d8%b4%d8%a8%d9%83%d8%a7%d8%aa-vlan-%d9%88layer-3-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d9%85%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%85-%d8%a8%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa%d9%81%d9%88%d8%b1%d9%85-%d9%83%d9%8a%d9%81-%d9%8a%d8%aa%d9%85-%d8%b9%d8%b2%d9%84","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/maram.iq\/blogs\/%d8%b4%d8%a8%d9%83%d8%a7%d8%aa-vlan-%d9%88layer-3-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d9%85%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%85-%d8%a8%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa%d9%81%d9%88%d8%b1%d9%85-%d9%83%d9%8a%d9%81-%d9%8a%d8%aa%d9%85-%d8%b9%d8%b2%d9%84\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a VLAN \u0648Layer 3 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0645: \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629\u061f"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d <strong>\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a VLAN \u0648Layer 3<\/strong> \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0645 \u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629\u064d \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b. \u0641\u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0651\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062f \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0628\u0644 \u0635\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0651\u0645 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0635 NVMe \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639.<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"table-of-contents\" style=\"background:#f8fafc;border:1px solid #e2e8f0;border-radius:12px;padding:1.5rem;margin:1.5rem 0;\"><p style=\"font-weight:700;font-size:1.05rem;margin-bottom:.75rem;\">\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644<\/p><ul style=\"list-style:none;padding:0;margin:0;\"><li style=\"padding:.25rem 0;\"><a href=\"#section-1\" style=\"color:#4f46e5;text-decoration:none;\">&#8592; \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 VLAN\u061f<\/a><\/li><li style=\"padding:.25rem 0;\"><a href=\"#section-2\" style=\"color:#4f46e5;text-decoration:none;\">&#8592; \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0641\u064a \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645\u061f<\/a><\/li><li style=\"padding:.25rem 0;\"><a href=\"#section-3\" style=\"color:#4f46e5;text-decoration:none;\">&#8592; \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 VLAN \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0645\u061f<\/a><\/li><li style=\"padding:.25rem 0;\"><a href=\"#section-6\" style=\"color:#4f46e5;text-decoration:none;\">&#8592; \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a Layer 3\u061f<\/a><\/li><li style=\"padding:.25rem 0;\"><a href=\"#section-8\" style=\"color:#4f46e5;text-decoration:none;\">&#8592; \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629\u061f<\/a><\/li><li style=\"padding:.25rem 0;\"><a href=\"#section-12\" style=\"color:#4f46e5;text-decoration:none;\">&#8592; \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0645<\/a><\/li><li style=\"padding:.25rem 0;\"><a href=\"#section-13\" style=\"color:#4f46e5;text-decoration:none;\">&#8592; \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 VLAN \u0645\u0639 Proxmox<\/a><\/li><li style=\"padding:.25rem 0;\"><a href=\"#section-15\" style=\"color:#4f46e5;text-decoration:none;\">&#8592; \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0634\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648 Layer 3 Switch<\/a><\/li><li style=\"padding:.25rem 0;\"><a href=\"#section-17\" style=\"color:#4f46e5;text-decoration:none;\">&#8592; \u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/a><\/li><li style=\"padding:.25rem 0;\"><a href=\"#section-20\" style=\"color:#4f46e5;text-decoration:none;\">&#8592; \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627<\/a><\/li><li style=\"padding:.25rem 0;\"><a href=\"#section-25\" style=\"color:#4f46e5;text-decoration:none;\">&#8592; \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0639<\/a><\/li><li style=\"padding:.25rem 0;\"><a href=\"#section-27\" style=\"color:#4f46e5;text-decoration:none;\">&#8592; \u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646 IP \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a<\/a><\/li><li style=\"padding:.25rem 0;\"><a href=\"#section-31\" style=\"color:#4f46e5;text-decoration:none;\">&#8592; \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u062f \u0647\u062c\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629<\/a><\/li><li style=\"padding:.25rem 0;\"><a href=\"#section-35\" style=\"color:#4f46e5;text-decoration:none;\">&#8592; Micro-Segmentation \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629<\/a><\/li><li style=\"padding:.25rem 0;\"><a href=\"#section-40\" style=\"color:#4f46e5;text-decoration:none;\">&#8592; \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629: VRF \u0648 VXLAN \u0648 SDN<\/a><\/li><li style=\"padding:.25rem 0;\"><a href=\"#section-43\" style=\"color:#4f46e5;text-decoration:none;\">&#8592; \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629<\/a><\/li><li style=\"padding:.25rem 0;\"><a href=\"#section-46\" style=\"color:#4f46e5;text-decoration:none;\">&#8592; \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a Proxmox Cluster<\/a><\/li><li style=\"padding:.25rem 0;\"><a href=\"#section-49\" style=\"color:#4f46e5;text-decoration:none;\">&#8592; \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0645<\/a><\/li><li style=\"padding:.25rem 0;\"><a href=\"#section-51\" style=\"color:#4f46e5;text-decoration:none;\">&#8592; VLAN \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637<\/a><\/li><li style=\"padding:.25rem 0;\"><a href=\"#section-54\" style=\"color:#4f46e5;text-decoration:none;\">&#8592; \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0651\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646 IP<\/a><\/li><li style=\"padding:.25rem 0;\"><a href=\"#section-56\" style=\"color:#4f46e5;text-decoration:none;\">&#8592; \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629<\/a><\/li><li style=\"padding:.25rem 0;\"><a href=\"#section-59\" style=\"color:#4f46e5;text-decoration:none;\">&#8592; \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0645\u061f<\/a><\/li><li style=\"padding:.25rem 0;\"><a href=\"#section-60\" style=\"color:#4f46e5;text-decoration:none;\">&#8592; \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0629<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 Proxmox \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0644\u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0645 \u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a <strong>VLAN \u0648Layer 3 Networking<\/strong> \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f Firewall \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d <strong>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0645<\/strong> \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 Proxmox \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645 Linux \u0648Windows \u0648\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 VLAN \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0628\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a Firewall \u0648VPN \u0648Reverse Proxy \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0637\u064a\u060c \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0648\u0622\u0645\u0646.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0633\u0646\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 VLAN \u0648Layer 3\u060c \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0645 \u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"section-1\">\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 VLAN\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 <strong>VLAN<\/strong> \u0647\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 Virtual Local Area Network\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" style=\"margin:1.5rem 0;\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/maram.iq\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/vlan-isolation.svg\" alt=\"VLAN \u062a\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"width:100%;height:auto;border-radius:12px;\"\/><figcaption style=\"text-align:center;color:#64748b;font-size:.9rem;margin-top:.5rem\">\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0625\u0630\u0646<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d VLAN \u0628\u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0634 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 Proxmox \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0632\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>VLAN \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>VLAN \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>VLAN \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>VLAN \u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>VLAN \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0637\u064a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>VLAN \u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>VLAN \u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 Development.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>VLAN \u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 Production.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0643\u0644 VLAN \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0643\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646 IP \u0648\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"section-2\">\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0641\u064a \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0647\u062c\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0641\u0631\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 VLAN \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"section-3\">\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 VLAN \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0645\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0645\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641 VLAN \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udca1 <strong>\u0627\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/maram.iq\/blogs\/%d9%85%d8%a7-%d9%87%d9%8a-%d9%85%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%85-%d8%a8%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa%d9%81%d9%88%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%9f-%d9%85%d9%86%d8%b5%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a8%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%ad%d8%aa\/\">\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0645\u061f \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>VLAN 110 \u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>VLAN 120 \u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>VLAN 130 \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 ERP.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>VLAN 140 \u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0637\u064a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>VLAN 150 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 VLAN Tags\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0634\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0639\u0642\u062f Proxmox \u0645\u0639 \u0643\u0644 VLAN \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 VLAN 110 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 VLAN 120 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062d \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 Router \u0623\u0648 Layer 3 Switch \u0623\u0648 Firewall.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 VLAN ID\u061f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0644\u0643\u0644 VLAN \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 <strong>VLAN ID<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 VLAN 2100 \u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 Tag \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 2100 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 IEEE 802.1Q.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 VLAN IDs \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062e\u0644\u0637 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0634 \u0648Proxmox.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 Access Port \u0648Trunk Port\u061f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0630 Access \u0648Trunk \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 VLAN.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Access Port<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0646\u062a\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0630 Access \u0625\u0644\u0649 VLAN \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u064a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 Firewall \u0628\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645 VLAN Tagging.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 VLAN Tag \u0641\u064a \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Trunk Port<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d Trunk Port \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u0629 VLAN \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0628\u064a\u0646:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0634 \u0648\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 Proxmox.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0633\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0646.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0634 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 Firewall.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0634 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0631.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 Trunk \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a VLAN \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645 Proxmox\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"section-6\">\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a Layer 3\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 VLAN \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 <strong>Layer 2<\/strong>\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 Ethernet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" style=\"margin:1.5rem 0;\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/maram.iq\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/vlan-layer2-vs-layer3.svg\" alt=\"\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 Layer 2 \u0648Layer 3\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"width:100%;height:auto;border-radius:12px;\"\/><figcaption style=\"text-align:center;color:#64748b;font-size:.9rem;margin-top:.5rem\">\u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0643\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0635\u0644 VLAN \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 <strong>Layer 3<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 Layer 3 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646 IP.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Default Gateway.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Routing.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 VLAN.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 Layer 3 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Layer 3 Switch.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Router.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>MikroTik CHR.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>OPNsense.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>pfSense.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Linux Router.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 Layer 2 \u0648Layer 3<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 Layer 2 \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646 MAC \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0623\u0645\u0627 Layer 3 \u0641\u062a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646 IP \u0648\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 VLAN \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 Layer 2 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 VLAN 110 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 VLAN 120\u060c \u0641\u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 Layer 3 Gateway \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0643.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0632\u0644 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"section-8\">\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0645\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" style=\"margin:1.5rem 0;\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/maram.iq\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/vlan-default-deny.svg\" alt=\"\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 Default Deny\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"width:100%;height:auto;border-radius:12px;\"\/><figcaption style=\"text-align:center;color:#64748b;font-size:.9rem;margin-top:.5rem\">\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0641\u0642\u0637<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>VLAN ID \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 IP \u062e\u0627\u0635.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Gateway \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f Firewall \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646 IP \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 VPN \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>VLAN: 2100<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629: <code>10.21.0.0\/24<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0629: <code>10.21.0.1<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c: <code>10.21.0.10-50<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629: \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 IP \u0639\u0627\u0645: \u064a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 Firewall \u0623\u0648 Reverse Proxy<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>VLAN: 2200<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629: <code>10.22.0.0\/24<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0629: <code>10.22.0.1<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 Firewall \u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629\u061f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646 IP \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0627.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0630\u0647\u0627.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 Broadcast Traffic \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0647\u0627.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0633\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0634 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 VLAN \u0641\u0642\u0637<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 VLAN \u0639\u0632\u0644\u0627\u064b \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 Layer 2\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062f\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Layer 3 Routing.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Firewall Rules.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Access Control Lists.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Private IP Addressing.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>VPN.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0646\u0639 Spoofing.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 VLAN\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0627\u064b. \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062d \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 Default Deny<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 <strong>Default Deny<\/strong> \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0645\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062d \u0644\u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062d \u0644\u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645 Backup \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062d \u0644\u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645 Monitoring \u0628\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u0631 VPN.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062d \u0628\u0643\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u062b\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0638\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"section-12\">\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0645<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646 IP \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>10.0.0.0\/8<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>172.16.0.0\/12<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>192.168.0.0\/16<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>NAT.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Firewall.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Router.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>MikroTik CHR.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>OPNsense.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>pfSense.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Reverse Proxy.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Port Forwarding.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Public IP Mapping.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Load Balancer.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0628\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0643\u0644 \u0622\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 IP \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"section-13\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 VLAN \u0645\u0639 Proxmox<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645 Proxmox \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 VLAN \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 Linux Bridge \u0623\u0648 Open vSwitch \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 SDN \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" style=\"margin:1.5rem 0;\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/maram.iq\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/vlan-proxmox.svg\" alt=\"VLAN \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 Proxmox\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"width:100%;height:auto;border-radius:12px;\"\/><figcaption style=\"text-align:center;color:#64748b;font-size:.9rem;margin-top:.5rem\">VLAN-Aware Bridge \u064a\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n<p>\ud83d\udca1 <strong>\u0627\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/maram.iq\/blogs\/%d9%83%d9%8a%d9%81-%d8%aa%d9%86%d8%b4%d8%a6-%d8%b9%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%ae%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%85-linux-%d9%88windows-%d9%85%d9%86-%d9%84%d9%88%d8%ad%d8%a9-proxmox-%d8%ae%d8%a7%d8%b5%d8%a9-%d8%a8%d8%b4\/\">\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0646\u0634\u0626 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645 Linux \u0648Windows \u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 Proxmox\u061f<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 Bridge \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645 VLAN Awareness\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f VLAN Tag \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u0644 VM.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>VM \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 VLAN 2100.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>VM \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 VLAN 2200.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645 Backup \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 VLAN 2300.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 VLAN \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 Proxmox \u0628\u062a\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0637\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">VLAN-Aware Bridge \u0641\u064a Proxmox<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 VLAN Awareness \u0639\u0644\u0649 Linux Bridge\u060c \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0640 Bridge \u062a\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u0629 VLAN \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 Trunk \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0643\u0644 VM \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0640 VLAN \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 Proxmox \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0640 Trunk \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 VLAN \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"section-15\">\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0634\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648 Layer 3 Switch<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 VLAN \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u060c \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 Managed Switches \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>IEEE 802.1Q.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Trunk Ports.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Access Ports.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Layer 3 Routing \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Access Control Lists.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Link Aggregation.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Spanning Tree.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Monitoring.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Port Security.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0634\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062f\u0648\u0631 Layer 3 Switch<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0640 Layer 3 Switch \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u064a\u0646 VLAN \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 Gateway \u0644\u0643\u0644 VLAN.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0643.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 ACL.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0648 Firewall.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0645.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 VLAN \u0639\u0628\u0631 Firewall \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0634 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"section-17\">\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 Firewall \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 <a href=\"https:\/\/opnsense.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">OPNsense<\/a> \u0623\u0648 pfSense \u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0643 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0651\u0629.<\/p>\n\n<p>\ud83d\udca1 <strong>\u0627\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/maram.iq\/blogs\/%d9%83%d9%8a%d9%81%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a5%d9%86%d8%b4%d8%a7%d8%a1-firewall-%d8%ae%d8%a7%d8%b5-%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%ae%d9%84-%d9%85%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%85-%d8%a8%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa%d9%81%d9%88%d8%b1%d9%85-%d8%a8\/\">\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 Firewall \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0645 \u0628\u0640 OPNsense\/pfSense<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>OPNsense.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>pfSense.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0631\u0628\u0637 Firewall \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0629 VLAN \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 Trunk Interface\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 VLAN.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Port Forwarding.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>VPN.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>NAT.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f Firewall.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>IDS\/IPS.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>DNS \u0648DHCP.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 Firewall \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 MikroTik CHR<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 <strong>MikroTik CHR<\/strong> \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 Proxmox \u0644\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u064a\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Inter-VLAN Routing.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>NAT.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Firewall.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>WireGuard.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>IPsec.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>BGP.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>OSPF.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Traffic Shaping.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>DHCP.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Static Routes.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 MikroTik CHR \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0631\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0632\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a RouterOS.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0631\u0628\u0637 VLAN \u0628\u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645 Firewall<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 Firewall \u0628\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 Trunk \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u0629 VLAN.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>VLAN 100 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>VLAN 110 \u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0628.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>VLAN 120 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>VLAN 130 \u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>VLAN 140 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0637\u064a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 Firewall \u0628\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 Gateway \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"section-20\">\u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 VLAN \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Management VLAN<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 Proxmox.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Monitoring.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a Firewall.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Web VLAN \u0623\u0648 DMZ<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Reverse Proxy.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Web Servers.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>API Gateway.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Application VLAN<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Odoo.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ERP.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 SaaS.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Backend Services.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Database VLAN<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>PostgreSQL.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>MySQL.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>MariaDB.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Microsoft SQL Server.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Redis.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Backup VLAN<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Proxmox Backup Server.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Storage.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0637\u064a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u064a\u0628 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064d \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0646\u0635\u062d \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 VLAN \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d Firewall \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Odoo \u0625\u0644\u0649 PostgreSQL.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0625\u0644\u0649 MySQL.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Backup Server \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Monitoring Server \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 VPN.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a Development \u0648Staging \u0648Production<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udca1 <strong>\u0627\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/maram.iq\/blogs\/%d9%83%d9%8a%d9%81-%d8%aa%d8%a8%d9%86%d9%8a-%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a6%d8%a9-%d8%aa%d8%b7%d9%88%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d9%88staging-%d9%88production-%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%ae%d9%84-%d9%85%d9%86%d8%b5%d8%a9-proxmox-%d9%88\/\">\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0648Staging \u0648Production \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 Proxmox\u061f<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>VLAN \u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 Development.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>VLAN \u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 Staging.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>VLAN \u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 Production.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0639:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a Production \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062d \u0628\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0637\u064a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 VLAN \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0637\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062e\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 PBS \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 Ransomware \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0643 Backup \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f Proxmox \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645 PBS \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 Backup \u0641\u0642\u0637.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Proxmox Web Interface.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>SSH.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>IPMI.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>iDRAC.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>OPNsense Dashboard.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>pfSense Dashboard.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>MikroTik WinBox.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Monitoring Panels.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 Management VLAN \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>VPN.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646 IP \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Jump Server.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bastion Host.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"section-25\">\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0639<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udca1 <strong>\u0627\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/maram.iq\/blogs\/%d9%84%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%b0%d8%a7-%d9%8a%d8%ad%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%ac-wireguard-vpn-%d8%a5%d9%84%d9%89-unmetered-traffic-%d9%88-premium-network%d8%9f-%d8%b3%d8%b1-%d8%a8%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%a1-vpn-%d8%b3%d8%b1\/\">\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c WireGuard VPN \u0625\u0644\u0649 Unmetered Traffic \u0648Premium Network\u061f<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>WireGuard.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>OpenVPN.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>IPsec.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u060c \u064a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u0637.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 Development VLAN.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 Production Servers.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 Odoo.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 Proxmox.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 ERP \u0639\u0628\u0631 Site-to-Site VPN.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 Layer 3<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0639\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0631\u0628\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Site-to-Site WireGuard.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>IPsec VPN.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>MikroTik Tunnel.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Routing \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 VLAN \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0645\u060c \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"section-27\">\u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646 IP \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0642\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 IP \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0631\u064a\u0646\u062c \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0645\u062b\u0644:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udca1 <strong>\u0627\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/maram.iq\/blogs\/%d8%aa%d8%ae%d8%b5%d9%8a%d8%b5-%d8%b1%d9%8a%d9%86%d8%ac%d8%a7%d8%aa-ip-%d8%a5%d9%85%d9%83%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%aa%d9%88%d9%81%d9%8a%d8%b1-29-%d9%88-28-%d9%88%d8%ba%d9%8a%d8%b1%d9%87%d8%a7\/\">\u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 \u0631\u064a\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062a IP: \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \/29 \u0648\/28 \u0648\/27 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>\/32<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>\/30<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>\/29<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>\/28<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 Layer 3\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Firewall.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>1:1 NAT.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Reverse Proxy.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a VPN.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Load Balancer.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Routed Public IP \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 Bridged Public IP<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 Bridged\u060c \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 Layer 2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 Routed\u060c \u0641\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 IP \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0646\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 Layer 3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 Routed Design \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 Firewall \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 Broadcast.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 Layer 3 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">NAT \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 Private IP\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0639\u0628\u0631 Source NAT.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 IP \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d NAT \u0628\u0640:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 IPv4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0625\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0643 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0644\u0643\u0646 NAT \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 Firewall\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Port Forwarding<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 Port Forwarding \u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 IP \u0639\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0630 443 \u0625\u0644\u0649 Reverse Proxy.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0630 VPN \u0625\u0644\u0649 Firewall.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0630 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0646\u0634\u0631:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>PostgreSQL.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>MySQL.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>RDP.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>SSH.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 Proxmox.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0631 VPN.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"section-31\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u062f \u0647\u062c\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0623\u0646 VLAN \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0639\u0632\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u0647\u062c\u0645\u0627\u062a VLAN Hopping.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" style=\"margin:1.5rem 0;\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/maram.iq\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/vlan-security.svg\" alt=\"\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"width:100%;height:auto;border-radius:12px;\"\/><figcaption style=\"text-align:center;color:#64748b;font-size:.9rem;margin-top:.5rem\">\u0645\u0646\u0639 Hopping \u0648Spoofing \u0648Micro-Segmentation<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 VLAN \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u062f VLAN \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 Trunk.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 Native VLAN \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0630 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0630 \u0643\u0640 Access \u0623\u0648 Trunk \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0634\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0646\u0639 IP Spoofing<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0642\u062f \u064a\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 IP \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0635\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Proxmox Firewall.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>DHCP Snooping \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>IP-MAC Binding.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Port Security.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ACL.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ebtables \u0623\u0648 nftables.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0646\u0639 Source IP \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0646\u0639 MAC Spoofing<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646 MAC \u0648\u0631\u0628\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a Migration \u0623\u0648 Failover \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Proxmox Firewall \u0645\u0639 VLAN<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 Proxmox Firewall \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 Firewall \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Datacenter.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Node.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>VM.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Container.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0630 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0644 VM.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 Micro-Segmentation.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 Defense in Depth.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"section-35\">Micro-Segmentation \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a Micro-Segmentation \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062d \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645 VLAN \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Web Server \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 Application Server \u0641\u0642\u0637.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Application Server \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 Database Server \u0641\u0642\u0637.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Database Server \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0623\u064a \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0628.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Monitoring \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Backup \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e \u0641\u0642\u0637.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 VLAN<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0643 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0630.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0645\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 Malware.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 Routing.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a Layer 2.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Firewall Logs.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>NetFlow.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>sFlow.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Zabbix.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Grafana.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Prometheus.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Wazuh.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>SIEM.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647\u0627.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f Firewall.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062c\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062a VPN.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 QoS<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 QoS \u0623\u0648 Traffic Shaping \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0643.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>VoIP.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ERP.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>VPN.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0645\u0639 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0637\u064a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0643 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>VLAN \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>VXLAN \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>VRF.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Firewall.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ACL.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Private Networks.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646 IP \u0648\u062e\u0637\u0637 Routing \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"section-40\">\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629: VRF \u0648 VXLAN \u0648 SDN<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 <strong>VRF<\/strong> \u0628\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 Routing \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0623\u0648 Layer 3 Switch \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a IP \u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 VRF \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 VRF \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0632\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0632\u0644 Layer 3 \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 VRF\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 VLAN \u0648VXLAN<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 VLAN \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a Layer 2 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0623\u0645\u0627 VXLAN \u0641\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 Overlay Network \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 Layer 3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 VXLAN \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0640:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Proxmox SDN.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0623\u0645\u0627 VLAN \u0641\u062a\u0638\u0644 \u062d\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 Proxmox SDN<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a Proxmox SDN \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0648<a href=\"https:\/\/www.proxmox.com\/en\/proxmox-virtual-environment\/overview\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Proxmox VE<\/a> \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0651\u0631 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 SDN \u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0642\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Zones.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>VNets.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Subnets.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>VLAN Networks.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>VXLAN Networks.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Routing.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>IP Address Management.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 Proxmox SDN \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 Proxmox \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0648\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"section-43\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u0642\u0637\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0633\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0634\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bonding.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>LACP.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Firewall \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>VRRP \u0623\u0648 CARP.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0630 \u0623\u0648 \u0633\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0634 \u0623\u0648 Firewall \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Link Aggregation<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>LACP.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Linux Bonding.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0637\u0644 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0634 \u0648Proxmox \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 Jumbo Frames<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0637\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 MTU \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0644 9000 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>VM.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Proxmox Bridge.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>NIC.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Switch.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Router.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Storage.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0623\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u064a MTU \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0637\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0632\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"section-46\">\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a Proxmox Cluster<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 Proxmox Cluster \u0648Corosync \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0640:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Management.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Corosync.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Migration.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Storage.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Backup.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Customer Traffic.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u064a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 Cluster \u0628\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 Live Migration<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0646\u0642\u0644 VM \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0642\u062f Proxmox\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 Migration \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0646.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0637\u064a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ceph.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>NFS.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>iSCSI.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ZFS Replication.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Shared Storage.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0641\u0635\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 VLAN \u0623\u0648 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629\u060c \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"section-49\">\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0645<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" style=\"margin:1.5rem 0;\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/maram.iq\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/vlan-company-example.svg\" alt=\"\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a VLAN \u0645\u0639\u0632\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"width:100%;height:auto;border-radius:12px;\"\/><figcaption style=\"text-align:center;color:#64748b;font-size:.9rem;margin-top:.5rem\">\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 VLAN \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">VLAN \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 Proxmox.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Monitoring.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Jump Server.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">VLAN \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Reverse Proxy.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Load Balancer.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">VLAN \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Odoo.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Node.js.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Laravel.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>APIs.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">VLAN \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>PostgreSQL.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>MySQL.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Redis.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">VLAN \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0637\u064a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Proxmox Backup Server.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Backup Repository.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Firewall<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>NAT.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>VPN.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 VLAN.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Port Forwarding.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0632\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 Reverse Proxy \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0630 443.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Reverse Proxy \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 Application Servers \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Application Servers \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Backup Server \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Monitoring Server \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u0631 VPN \u0641\u0642\u0637.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u064a\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 Least Privilege \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"section-51\">VLAN \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 Odoo \u0623\u0648 ERP.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udca1 <strong>\u0627\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/maram.iq\/blogs\/%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%b6%d8%a7%d9%81%d8%a9-odoo-%d9%88erp-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%89-%d9%85%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%85-%d8%a8%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa%d9%81%d9%88%d8%b1%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b5%d9%85%d9%8a%d9%85-%d8%a8%d9%86\/\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 Odoo \u0648ERP \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0645: \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0651\u0639<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Odoo Application Server.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>PostgreSQL Server.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Reverse Proxy.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Backup Server.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>VPN.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Monitoring.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">VLAN \u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a SaaS<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 SaaS \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Frontend VLAN.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Backend VLAN.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Database VLAN.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Management VLAN.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Customer Services VLAN.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">VLAN \u0644\u0645\u0632\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u0632\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Reseller.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 VPS.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 VPN.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 ERP.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"section-54\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0651\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646 IP<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 Layer 3 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645 Dedicated \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0641\u0642\u0637\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0631\u064a\u0646\u062c IP \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u062e\u0637\u0629 Routing \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 DNS.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646 VPN.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 Dedicated Server<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0645\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 Dedicated Server \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>VLAN.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Private IPs.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Public IP Range.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Firewall Rules.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>VPN.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Routing.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Reverse Proxy.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0632\u0648\u062f \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"section-56\">\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a\u060c \u064a\u0646\u0635\u062d \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 VLAN \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 Management VLAN \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u062f VLAN \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 Trunk.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 Default Deny \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u062a\u062d \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 VPN.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0641\u0635\u0644 Backup \u0639\u0646 Production.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0641\u0635\u0644 Development \u0639\u0646 Production.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642 VLAN IDs \u0648\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a IP.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f Firewall.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 Micro-Segmentation \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646 IP \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a VLAN<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628\u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062d \u0628\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 VLAN \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 Trunk \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 Native VLAN \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 VLAN.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 VLAN.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a IP \u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0641\u062a\u062d Proxmox \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 Broadcast.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 MTU \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f Access Port \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647 Trunk \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 Backup.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 VLAN \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0646 Firewall.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"section-59\">\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0645\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 <strong>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0645<\/strong> \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 Proxmox\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645 Linux \u0648Windows \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a VLAN \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udca1 <strong>\u0627\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/maram.iq\/blogs\/%d9%83%d9%8a%d9%81-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%b9%d8%af-%d9%85%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%85-%d8%a8%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa%d9%81%d9%88%d8%b1%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b4%d8%b1%d9%83%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d8%b1%d8%a7\/\">\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u062a\u0643\u061f<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0632\u0648\u0644\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>VLAN \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 Private IP.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646 IP \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Layer 3 Routing.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Firewall \u062e\u0627\u0635.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>WireGuard VPN.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Reverse Proxy.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Proxmox Backup Server.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a Development \u0648Staging \u0648Production.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u0627\u064b.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646 \u0628\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a IP\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 Dedicated Servers \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"section-60\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a <strong>VLAN \u0648Layer 3<\/strong> \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 VLAN \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0644\u0649 Layer 3 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0647\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639 Firewall \u0648VPN \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a Default Deny\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 <strong>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0645<\/strong> \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 VLAN \u0648\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 Private IP \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 Reverse Proxy \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646 IP \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u062a\u0643 \u062a\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 Odoo \u0623\u0648 ERP \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a SaaS \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645 Linux \u0648Windows\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 VLAN \u0648Layer 3 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0645 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645 Dedicated \u0623\u0648 Proxmox Cluster \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u0627\u064b \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"background:#eef2ff;border:1px solid #c7d2fe;border-radius:12px;padding:1.5rem;margin-top:2rem;text-align:center;\"><p style=\"font-weight:700;font-size:1.1rem;margin-bottom:.5rem;\">\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0643\u061f<\/p><p style=\"color:#475569;margin-bottom:1rem;\">\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0648\u0633\u062a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0641\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a 24\/7<\/p><a href=\"https:\/\/maram.iq\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"display:inline-block;background:#4f46e5;color:#fff;padding:.75rem 2rem;border-radius:10px;font-weight:600;text-decoration:none;\">\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 &#8592;<\/a><\/div>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a VLAN \u0648Layer 3 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0645 \u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629\u064d \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b. \u0641\u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0651\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":4755,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[466],"tags":[783,165,462,785,763,784,764,140],"class_list":["post-4746","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category---isp","tag-layer-3","tag-proxmox","tag-vlan","tag-785","tag-763","tag-784","tag-764","tag-140"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/maram.iq\/blogs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4746","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/maram.iq\/blogs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/maram.iq\/blogs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/maram.iq\/blogs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/maram.iq\/blogs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4746"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/maram.iq\/blogs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4746\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4754,"href":"https:\/\/maram.iq\/blogs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4746\/revisions\/4754"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/maram.iq\/blogs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4755"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/maram.iq\/blogs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4746"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/maram.iq\/blogs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4746"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/maram.iq\/blogs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4746"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}